Determining what the text says and why.

Noun

Analysis

analysis (countable and uncountable, plural analyses)

(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory...).

1. 2013 July-August, Philip J. Bushnell, “Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance”, American Scientist: 

   Surprisingly, this analysis revealed that acute exposure to solvent vapors at concentrations below those associated with long-term effects appears to increase the risk of a fatal automobile accident. Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer.